Introduction

Welcome to the Historic Environment Viewer interactive, the map / search facility that provides access to the records of the National Monuments Service "Sites and Monuments Record" (SMR) and the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage.

The SMR records are represented on the map canvas as red dots. It is important to note that only records that are precisely located are visible on the map. The red dot equates with the known approximate centre of the record and is not indicative of its geographic extent. The records of the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage (NIAH) are represented on the map canvas as blue dots.

In order to ensure consistent performance the application can only return a maximum of 999 records for any specific search. Where a return of records in excess of 999 is required, please use the "Download Data" tool (see below).

Please note that it is possible only to search each dataset separately: it is not possible to do a combined search or run a spatial query on both. It is also important to note that the query functionality for each dataset is slightly different. For example, in the current release, it is not possible to query the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage dataset by class. It is intended to align the query functions for both datasets and these will be made available in a future release of the viewer.

An index map grid layer is also provided for the Record of Monuments and Places (RMP) map series. Users may download a digital PDF copy of a map sheet for an area of interest by clicking on the relevant grid feature in the layer and using the URL link in the pop up box.

Problems encountered with the functionality of this application should be notified to the following email address nationalmonuments@housing.gov.ie. National Monument Service cannot offer assistance on any technical or content-related issue other than the notes on "Downloading Data" and these Help notes.

Datasets and Copyright

All datasets displayed on this viewer are in Irish Transverse Mercator coordinate reference system. Please abide by the following copyright statement when using any of the datasets:

Copyright Government of Ireland. The content of this application is owned and operated by National Monuments Service, Government of Ireland. This copyright material is licensed for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. The permission to reproduce Government copyright material does not extend to any material on this site which may be the property of a third party. Authorization to reproduce such material (e.g., OSi mapping) must be obtained from the copyright holders concerned. Basemaps used in this site are copyright Ordnance Survey Ireland (Licence No OSI-NMA-14) and DigitalGlobe, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Querying the SMR dataset

Users wishing to obtain a list of all SMR records for a particular area are recommended to search the database either by county and/or townland as this will include both the located and unlocated records. If you search the database by "Town" this will only return records that are located: it will not return a list of records for which locations are unknown. In this case, it is recommended that a search by townland is undertaken. Note that the results of any query are returned in SMR number order.

Records of monuments that are scheduled for inclusion in the next issue of the statutory "Record of Monuments and Places" are surrounded by a zone (highlighted on the map in a light pink-coloured wash delimited by a thin black line). These zones are not set to be visible as a default on the browser but may be turned on/off using the "Layer List" tool (see below). The zones do not define the exact extent of the monuments but rather are intended to identify them for the purposes of notification under Section 12 of the National Monuments Acts 1930 to 2004: each is referred to as a "zone of notification". Not all zones are currently available and work is in progress on their finalisation.

A list of the abbreviations used in the summary descriptions of records for the National Monuments Service dataset are provided as an appendix to this Help document.

Querying the NIAH dataset

Please note that the options to query the dataset by "Town" and "Class" are not available as yet on this viewer.

Map Canvas

The map canvas is the main interactive workspace on the Viewer which initially displays the map of Ireland. This allows you to locate records stored in both the NMS and NIAH databases geographically. When you load the Viewer for the first time, it displays the map of Ireland: this is the full extent of the mapping available on the Viewer. The Viewer uses OSi MapGenie mapping and ortho-photography made available under license.

The map canvas displays the map layer that has been selected to best assist you in locating the desired monument records. For example, when you use the "zoom in" tool, you will see that the map displays changes the more you zoom in and reverts back as you zoom out. The records become automatically visible at a scale of 1:100000 and greater.

Navigation Tools

There are five tools available in the navigation group located at the top left of the screen: "Zoom In", "Zoom Out", "Home" button, "Locate Me" button and "Search Bar" search field.

Zoom In

The "Zoom In" tool is easy to use. Simply click on the icon and the map will zoom in. Another method of zooming in can be used without clicking the "Zoom In" icon. Hold down the shift key and draw a rectangle where you want to zoom in on the map. The map canvas is updated to display the zoomed in map area. The amount that you have zoomed in is indirectly proportional to the size of the selected box (i.e. the smaller the box, the greater the zoom in will be). You can also use the scroll button on your mouse to zoom in, or pinch and zoom method on mobile devices.

Zoom Out

The "Zoom Out" tool is easy to use. Simply click on the icon and the map will zoom out. Another method of zooming out can be used without clicking the "Zoom Out" icon. Hold down the shift key and draw a rectangle where you want to zoom out on the map. The map canvas is updated to display the zoomed out map area. The amount that you have zoomed out is indirectly proportional to the size of the selected box (i.e. the smaller the box, the greater the zoom out will be). You can also use the scroll button on your mouse to zoom out, or pinch and zoom method on mobile devices.

Home Button

The "Home Button" tool is used to refresh the map canvas so that it reverts to the map of Ireland as displayed when the viewer first opened.

Locate Button

The "Locate Button" tool is used to show where you are on the map. This tool will be most useful on mobile devices, as global positioning systems (GPS) / location services need to be available. First, ensure your location services have been switched on. Then click on this button the map will zoom to your location, displaying a blue dot to show where you are. This blue dot is larger in size, to distinguish it from the dots displaying NIAH records. In the image below (taken from a mobile device), the "Locate Me" sybmol is visible as a larger and lighter coloured blue dot.

If, after clicking the icon it looks like this(displaying circular motion) for a period of time with nothing happening, it is most likely that your location services have not been switched on. Try turning them on and then clicking the icon again. You may need to reload the page, if you are still experiencing issues.

Search Bar

Use the "Search Bar" to locate a street / town / area. Simply type in the address and select it from the list of results returned. The map canvas will then zoom to the selected address.

Scale Bar

The scale bar is located at the bottom left of the map. It updates automatically to display the current scale in kilometres (small scale mapping) and metres (large scale mapping).

Coordinates

The coordinate system used is the Irish Transverse Mercator (ITM). The X and Y coordinates of the cursor's location on the map are shown on the bottom left of the viewer, beside the Scale Bar. The coordinates change as the cursor is moved across the map canvas.

Main Toolbar

The main toolbar includes seven of user-selectable tools and links to the Help page and Home pages for the National Monuments Service (http://www.archaeology.ie) and the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage (http://www.buildingsofireland.ie).

Query Data	Layer List	Basemap Gallery	Google Street View	Locate	Data Export	Draw and Measure

The tools are in the order seen above. Click on the icon to activate a tool. Clicking on the double chevron (arrow-like feature in white below) will minimise / dock the tool. To close the tool, click on the "X".

Information on the application is supplied by clicking on the "About" icon to the right of the tool icons.

Pop-Ups

To get immediate access to information about a record (either SMR or NIAH), click on the coloured dot on the map and a pop-up will be displayed with summary information.

Query Data Tool

The Query Data Tool enables users to search for records in the National Monuments Service (Sites and Monuments Record) or the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage databases. Users must first select the dataset they wish to query.

The datasets may be queried in three ways:

1. A user can search by linked attribute under county, townland, town and class or a combination depending on the selection.

2. A user can select a geographic area using one of the drawing tools provided.

3. Where a user knows the record number this can be inserted in the relevant field.

1. Search by attribute

(a) It is possible to refine a search by selecting from one or more of the following options: "County" which includes an "All counties" option, "Townland", "Town" and "Class". Currently "Town" and "Class" options are not available when searching in the NIAH dataset. Note that both "Townland" and "Town" are county specific and the available lists will only appear after a county has been selected. Select the county within which you wish to search from the pull-down menu. The area can be further narrowed down by specifying either a "Townland" or "Town"; this is optional.

(b) To query the database by "Townland" you must first select a county. Then type in the townland name. As you type the application will present you with a drop-down list of townland names that correspond to the typed letters. Where a large number of townland names are returned use the scroll bar, arrows or mouse wheel to scroll through the list and select the requisite townland.

(c)  Selecting to query the database by "Town" will return a spatial query that includes every monument within a 5km radius of the town centre. All records that have locations within this area are retrieved for display in the query window and the map canvas will zoom to the chosen town. Please note that records for which locations are unknown will not be returned. To access these it is recommended that a search by townland is undertaken. Querying the database by "Town" is available only for the National Monuments Service records.

 

(d) It is possible to refine the search further by selecting a particular "Class" of record (e.g. church, dovecot) from the "Class" list. This function contains a wild-card search facility. Type in the word or class term required and the application will return all instances where that word is found. Do not select a class if you wish to retrieve all records located in the selected county and/or county and townland. Querying the database by "Class" is available only for the National Monuments Service records.

Example: Type the term 'house' into the Class field and it will return all classes incorporating the word 'house'. Scroll through the list and select the required class.

 

Click the "Search" button to return all records that fit the search criteria.

 

2. Search by Custom Shape

This involves drawing a specified shape (rectangle, polygon or line) around an area on the map to find out what records are contained within it.

 

Select area by rectangle: This will allow you to select an area of geographic interest by clicking and dragging a rectangular box over it. All records within the box that have locations are retrieved for display in the query window and the map canvas will zoom to the chosen area.

 

Select area by polygon: This will allow you to select an area of geographic interest by holding the mouse button down and moving it around to enclose the required extent. Release the button to finish. All records within the polygon that have locations are retrieved for display in the query window and the map will zoom to the chosen area.

Select area by line: This will allow you to select an area of geographic interest by clicking points along a desired path. You can then enter a buffer distance (in metres) which will allow for a selection area along the path of the line and extending to the width of the buffer. All records that have locations within the area are retrieved for display in the query window and the map will zoom to the chosen area. You must click a minimum of two points on the map to create a line, and double click to finish. You will then be asked to specify the size of the buffer around the drawn line (e.g. 500 metres).

Specifying the Buffer Distance -

 

500m Buffer around line -

 

3. Search by Record Number

Enter a record number (e.g., CW007-010---- for National Monuments Service) in the box provided and click "Search". The system conducts a full and partial search based on the number of characters entered. As the National Monuments Service and National Inventory of Architectural Heritage Ensure use different numbering systems please ensure that the record number inserted corresponds with the selected dataset; a sample number is provided below the search field.

National Monuments Service	National Inventory of Architectural Heritage

Results

Once a query has been made the results are displayed in the query window. The total number of results returned is given at the bottom of the results table. Use the scrollbar to peruse the list of results.

National Monuments Service

The results are returned in four columns: SMR number, Class, Townland and Attachment (where present) and are ordered by SMR number. By double-clicking on a column heading the results can be sorted either ascending or descending according to the heading selected.

Records for monuments that are scheduled for inclusion in the next revision of the statutory Record of Monuments and Places (National Monuments Acts 1930 to 2004, Section 12) are returned on a dark green background. Records that are not currently scheduled for inclusion are returned on a pale yellow background. These records are either under consideration or will not be included in the statutory list (i.e., where their location is unknown or where the monument has been entirely removed - both the above and below-ground archaeology).

Clicking on any of the results will highlight the chosen record in white on the results table, and the map will zoom to the selected result. A pop-up window will give the record number, the class, townland and a link to the "Scope note" in a separate "Class List" document. Where available, a brief summary description is also provided.

 

The "scope notes" document contains the class list. This is a flat or simplified hierarchical list that is used to support the management and curation of SMR records and assist in indexing and maximizing the retrieval of information. Each class term is accompanied by a "scope note" that provides a limited definition of the class and how it is used to describe a monument type in records on the database. The terms are indicative of the record holdings and reflect the incremental and organic manner in which data was added to the archive over many years, especially for monuments dating from the post-AD 1700 period. While every effort has been made to ensure consistency of use, the terms should be considered as a fairly authoritative guideline only. The list is subject to review and amendments and enhancements are made on an on-going basis. By clicking on the "Scope note" link the user is brought to the relevant class for that record in the list: this will be at the top of the page.

Attachments

The query results table contains a column on the far right which displays a paperclip icon for records that have attached documents.

 

Click on the paperclip to open the list of attachments available for that record. Images are stored in .jpg format and other documents in Adobe PDF format. Most computers now have Adobe PDF Reader installed. If you don"t have Adobe Reader installed on your computer, you can download it here: http://get.adobe.com/reader/?promoid=BUIGO

You can use the scrollbar at the right hand side of the list to move up and down the list of attachments. Click on the attachment you wish to open and it will open as a pop-up. You can then save this to your computer.

National Inventory of Architectural Heritage

The results are returned in three columns: Registration number (Reg. No), Name, Townland.

 

By double-clicking on a column heading the results can be sorted either ascending or descending according to the heading selected. Clicking on any of the results will highlight the chosen record in white on the results table, and the map will zoom to the selected result. A pop-up window will give the Name of the structure, the Registration Number (Reg. No), the date, original and current use and rating. There is also a link to view the main record details, which will take you to the relevant website.

Copy Results Button

Click the "Copy Results" button to download the query results. This is saved as a CSV file and may be pasted into a text file or spread sheet, the latter giving the results in columns. Note: this functionality doesn't work in Firefox.

Clear Query Button

Clicking the 'Clear Query' button will clear the current query, allowing the user to start again.

Layers List Tool

The layers tool enables the user to switch on/off each of the four layers in the viewer: National Monuments Service record points, "zones of notification", Record of Monument and Places (RMP) and NIAH record points.

The "zone of notification" is the area around each monument that is intended to be used for the purposes of notification under Section 12 of the National Monuments Acts 1930 to 2004.

The “Record of Monuments and Places" (RMP) layer provides an interactive index grid for the RMP map series; users may download the relevant RMP map sheet for an area of interest by clicking on a grid feature in the layer and using the “Attachments” link in the pop up box. Please note that the RMP map sheet grids will seemingly overlap at county boundaries in the Viewer as the original paper maps were produced on the Ordnance Survey Ireland historical Cassini/County Series mapping.

The Layer Control tool also allows the transparency of each layer to be adjusted.

Using the Layers tool:

By default, only the National Monument and NIAH points are displayed. Click in the tick box beside each layer to turn it on or off.

Clicking the down arrow beside each layer displays extra options for that layer.

"Zoom to" will zoom to the extent of the selected layer. To adjust transparency, select transparency from the menu. You will then be able to adjust the transparency by moving the slider.

Basemap Gallery Tool

 

The Basemap Gallery contains six different display formats: OSi Map, Aerial, Cassini 6-inch, Historic 25-inch, Historic 6-inch and Digital Globe (DigitalGlobe, Inc. All Rights Reserved).

OSi Map

This is the default background mapping provided under licence by OSi utilising the Map Genie web-service. This provides online, immediate access to the most complete and highest quality map data available. The level of detail provided varies with the scale of the map. As you zoom in greater detail is provided.

OSi Aerial Ortho-photography ('Aerial')

This provides an aerial ortho-photographic image base. It is a combination of images dating from 2005 to 2010-12.

 

OSi Cassini 6-inch Mapping ('Cassini 6inch')

Revised editions of the 6-inch maps were produced in the later 19th and early 20th centuries. While these are often identified as third-edition those displayed on the website may contain fourth edition data, usually in urban areas, as well as some data from the first edition. This mapping can only be viewed at scales between 1:10000 and 1:2500. Zooming in beyond this scale will result in a blank canvas. Please note that the minimum and maximum zoom scales are set by the OSi MapGenie web-service.

 

OSi Historic 25-inch Mapping ('Historic 25inch')

The 25 inches to one mile (1:2500) scale mapping was created to facilitate the land reforms initiated in the 1880s. Begun in 1888 initial methods involved re-plotting from the 6-inch survey data at the larger 1:2500 scale, but this was subsequently abandoned following the completion of Counties Down and Limerick in favour of a resurvey. This survey was completed by 1913. The 25-inch series is often identified as 1:2500. Please note the 25-inch map does not appear until a scale of 1:5000 is reached.

 

OSi Historic 6 inch Mapping ('Historic 6inch')

Ireland was surveyed at a scale of six inches to one mile (1:10560) by the Ordnance Survey between 1829 and 1841: these maps are generally referred to as the "first edition". The maps used a Cassini projection and were produced on a county by county basis which showed no detail from neighbouring counties. OSi have brought them together as part of the MapGenie web-service and they are presented as a seamless map base. This mapping can only be viewed at scales between 1:10000 and 1:2500. Zooming in beyond this scale will result in a blank canvas. Please note that the minimum and maximum zoom scales are set by the OSi MapGenie web-service.

 

Digital Globe

Digital Globe imagery (Digital Globe, Inc. All Rights Reserved) is provided by OSi under license.

 

Google Street View Tool

The Google Street View tool allows the user to see a street view of a selected area within the Viewer. When you open the tool a new Street View window will automatically appear. If it does not appear you will need to check your browser settings and enable pop-ups. Once working, click on the street view icon (shown below), then drag and drop it onto a road on the map.

 

Where the area is available from Google Street View, it will be displayed inside the Street View window.

 

Locate Tool

The "Locate" tool allows the user to perform a coordinate search. The user has the option of three different coordinate systems - Irish Transverse Mercator, Irish Grid and WGS84. Select the required coordinate system, enter the coordinates and then click the "Locate" button to zoom to the coordinate area.

 

 

Data Export Tool

The "Data Export" tool allows the user to download data from the National Monuments Service (SMR) database or the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage database - in the following formats:

• File Geodatabase (.gdb)
• Shapefile (.shp)
• AutoDesk AutoCAD (.dxf)
• AutoDesk AutoCAD (.dwg)
• Bentley Microstation Design (V8) (.dgn)
• ESRI ArcInfo Export (E00) (.e00)
• MapInfo MIF /MID (.mif)
• MapInfo Tab (MITAB) (.tab)

Using the Data Export tool:

First select which dataset you want to download data from - after selecting a dataset, you can use the "Clear" button if you need to change your selection.

 

National Monuments Service Download

1. Users may select from a "County" or "Class" list. Values may be selected from both of these lists, or from just one. For example, if county Clare is selected and the Class list set as the default "--Optional if County Specified--", the application will generate a data extract of all National Monuments Service records in county Clare, including all the different classes. Due to technological and performance related issues it is not possible to provide the facility to download all records from all counties in a single export.
2. Once the county and/or classes that are required have been selected then select the data format from the pull-down menu.
3. You can then select which spatial reference you would like to download data in, either Irish Transverse Mercator or Web Mercator.
4. Click the "Zones of notification" check box if these are needed as part of the download.
5. Then click the "Download Data" button.
6. A text box will appear above the drop down lists providing an update on the progress of the request.
7. Once the data is ready for download, select the "Click to Download File" written in blue at the bottom of the window. This is a link to a zip file. Simply click the "Click to Download File" link and this will download as a zip file.

 

National Inventory of Architectural Heritage Download

1. It is possible to select a "county" survey from the list.
2. Select the data format required from the pull-down menu.
3. You can then select which spatial reference you would like to download data in, either Irish Transverse Mercator or Web Mercator.
4. Then click the "Download Data" button.
5. A text box will appear above the drop down lists providing an update on the progress of the request.
6. Once the data is ready for download, select the "Click to Download File" written in blue at the bottom of the window. This is a link to a zip file. Simply click the "Click to Download File" link and this will download as a zip file.

 

NB: See copyright statement below in relation to data exports and all datasets used in this viewer.

Copyright Government of Ireland. The content of this application is owned and operated by National Monuments Service, Government of Ireland. This copyright material is licensed for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. The permission to reproduce Government copyright material does not extend to any material on this site which may be the property of a third party. Authorization to reproduce such material (e.g., OSi mapping) must be obtained from the copyright holders concerned. Basemaps used in this site are copyright Ordnance Survey Ireland (Licence No EN 0059216) and DigitalGlobe, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Both National Monuments and Building of Ireland datasets are also listed on Open Data Portal https://data.gov.ie/data. The links below will take you to a webpage where you can see Metadata about each dataset and find links to data downloads on the respective sections websites.

National Monuments - https://data.gov.ie/dataset/national-monuments-service-archaeological-survey-of-ireland

Buildings of Ireland - https://data.gov.ie/dataset/national-inventory-of-architectural-heritage-niah-national-dataset

Draw and Measure Tool

This tool allows you do draw symbols on the map. You can also use turn on measurements by clicking the "Show Measurements" check box once any of these tools are activated.

You can also change the colour / style of the drawing using the different options available.

Draw and Measure tool shows options to style shape and display measurements once one of the shapes is selected.

 

APPENDIX

The following abbreviations are used in the summary descriptions of records for the National Monuments Service dataset.

Abbreviation	Explanation
ACAP	Air Corps Aerial Photographs
AFM	Annála ríoghachta Éireann: Annals of the kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters from the earliest period to the year 1616. Ed. and trans. J. O'Donovan (7 vols., Dublin, 1851; reprint New York, 1966)
AJ	Archaeological Journal
ALC	The Annals of Lough Cé: a chronicle of Irish affairs, 1014-1690. Ed. W.M. Hennessy (2 vols., London, 1871; reflex facsimile, Irish Manuscripts Commission, Dublin, 1939)
Ann. Clon.	The Annals of Clonmacnoise, being annals of Ireland from the earliest period to AD 1408 translated into English, AD 1627 by Conell Mageoghagan. Ed. D. Murphy (Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, Dublin, 1896)
Ann. Conn.	Annála Connacht, The Annals of Connacht, 1224-1544. Ed. A.M. Freeman (Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1944)
Ann. Inisf.	The Annals of Inisfallen (MS Rawlinson B 503). Ed. and trans. S. Mac Airt (Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1951)
ASI	Archaeological Survey of Ireland
ASIAP	Archaeological Survey of Ireland Aerial Photographs
AU	Annála Uladh, The Annals of Ulster; otherwise Annála Senait, Annals of Senat; a chronicle of Irish affairs, 431-1131, 1155-1541. Ed. W.M. Hennessy and B. MacCarthy (4 vols., Dublin, 1887-1901)
AU (1983)	The Annals of Ulster to AD 1311. Ed. S. Mac Airt and G. Mac Niocaill (Dublin 1983)
BAR	British Archaeological Reports
BGSIHS	Bulletin for the Group for the Study of Irish Historic Settlement
BKS	Barnaby, Keegan and Stevens Survey Group, Consultative Technical Services, Ltd. Aerial Photographs.
BL	British Library
BP	Before present
By.	Barony
C	Chord. This is the distance between two ends of an arc.
C of I	Church of Ireland
c.	Circa
Cal.	Calibrated
Cal. Carew MSS	Calendar of the Carew manuscripts preserved in the archiepiscopal library at Lambeth, 1515-1628. Ed. J. S. Brewer and W. Bullen (6 vols., London, 1867-73).
Cal. doc. Ire.	Calendar of documents relating to Ireland, 1171-1307. Ed. H.S. Sweetman (5 vols., London, 1875-86)
Cal. papal letters	Calendar of entries in the papal registers relating to Great Britain and Ireland: papal letters, 1198-1484 [etc.] Bliss,W.H. and Twemlow, J.A. (eds.) (London, 1893-)
Cal. pat. rolls Ire., Chas I	Calendar of patent and close rolls of chancery in Ireland, of the reign of Charles I, years 1 to 8 inclusive. Ed. J. Morrin (Dublin, 1863)
Cal. pat. rolls Ire., Jas I	Irish patent rolls of James I: facsimile of the Irish record commissioners' calendar prepared prior to 1830, with foreword by M.C. Griffith (Irish Manuscripts Commission, Dublin, 1966)
Cal. S.P. Ire.	Calendar of the state papers relating to Ireland, 1509-1670 [etc.] (23 vols., London 1860-1911)
CASAP	Cork Archaeological Survey aerial photograph
CBA	Council for British Archaeology
CLAJ	County Louth Archaeological Journal
cm	Centimetre
CMSS	Cléire Museum School Survey, Co. Cork.
CR	Clogher Record
CUCAP	Cambridge University Collection of Aerial Photographs
D	Depth
d.	Died
Diam.	Diameter
Dim.	Dimensions
E	East
e.g.	Exemplia gratia (for example)
EB	Excavations Bulletin
ED	Electoral Division
Ed.	Edition/editor
Eds.	Editions/editors
Et al.	Et alia (and others)
Ext.	External
Fig.	Figure
Ft	Foot/feet
GPS	Global Positioning System
GSAP	Geological Survey Aerial Photographs
GSI	Geological Survey of Ireland
H	Height/high
Ha.	Hectare
HMSO	Her Majesty's Stationery Office
HSAP	Hunting Surveys Aerial Photographs
IAWU	Irish Archaeological Wetland Unit, University College, Dublin.
Ibid.	Ibidem (in the same place)
ICA	Irish Countrywomens' Association
IFC Schools MSS	Irish Folklore Commission, Schools Manuscripts. University College, Dublin.
IJNA	Irish Journal of Nautical Archaeology
in	Inches
Int.	Internal
IRC	Irish Record Commission
ITA	Irish Tourist Association (Survey)
JACAS	Journal of the Ardagh and Clonmacnoise Antiquarian Society
JAPMD	Journal of the Association for the Preservation of Memorials of the Dead
JCHAS	Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society
JIA	Journal of Irish Archaeology
JKAS	Journal of the Kildare Archaeological Society
JRSAI	Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland
KAS	Kerry Archaeological Survey: miscellaneous field notes, index cards and annotated OS 6-iinch maps in the Department of Archaeology, University College, Cork.
km	Kilometre
L	Length
m	Metre
Max.	Maximum
MCKFC	Minutes of the Co. Kerry Field Club (1939-57). Manuscript. County Library, Tralee, Co. Kerry.
Min.	Minimum
MS	Manuscript
MS/MSS	Manuscript(s)
N	North
n.	Footnote
n.d.	No date
NAI	National Archive of Ireland
NMI	National Museum of Ireland. Dublin.
No.	Number
OD	Ordnance Datum
OKR	Old Kilkenny Review
OPW	Office of Public Works
OS Letters	Ordnance Survey Letters. Letters written by members of the Ordnance Survey's 'Topographical Department' (T. O'Conor, A. O'Curry, E. O'Curry, J. O'Donovan and P. O'Keeffe) sent to headquarters from the field (1834-41). MSS in Royal Irish Academy.
OS Name Book	Ordnance Survey Name Books. Name Books compiled in the course of the Ordnance Survey 6-inch to one mile survey of Ireland (1825-1846). National Archives.
OSAP	Ordnance Survey Aerial Photographs
OSFM	Ordnance Survey Field Memorandums. Dedicated forms recording particulars of named antiquities compiled in the course of the OS 1:2500 revision (1931 - early 1960s). These unpublished manuscripts form part of the records of the Archaeological Survey of Ireland, Historic Environment Viewer Archive, Dublin.
p.	Page
Par.	Parish
Pers. comm.	Personal communication
Pl.	Plate
PPS	Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society
PRI rep. DK	Report of the deputy keeper of the public records in Ireland (Dublin, 1869-)
PRIA	Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy
RC	Roman Catholic
RIA	Royal Irish Academy
RMAHS	Record of the County Meath Archaeological and Historical Society.
RMP	Record of Monuments and Places as established under Section 12 of the National Monuments Acts 1930 to 2004. Issued on a county basis between 1995 and 1998.
S	South
SAM	Seanchas Ard Mhacha
SMCK	Schools Manuscript for Co. Kerry, compiled by Rev. W. Ferris. County Library, Tralee, Co. Kerry.
SMR file	Sites and Monuments Record. This constitutes the record holdings of the Archaeological Survey of Ireland, National Monuments Service, Government of Ireland. Dublin.
St	Saint
Stat. Ire., Hen. VI	Statute rolls of the parliament of Ireland, reign of King Henry VI. Ed. H.F. Berry (Dublin, 1910)
T	Thickness
Teathbha	The Journal of the Longford Historical Society
TRIA	Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy
UCC	University College, Cork.
UJA	Ulster Journal of Archaeology
UNESCO	United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation.
W	West
WBBS	Bantry Barony Survey, Co. Cork
WFP	Papers belonging to the Rev. W. Ferris. Manuscript. County Library, Tralee, Co. Kerry.
Wth.	Width